Cell Signal Transduction and Innovative Drug Discovery Laboratory
 | Mingyao Liu |
| Dean, School of Life Sciences | |
| Director, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology | |
| Distinguished National Endowed Professor | |
| Professor, Texas A&M University Health Science Center |
Curriculum Vitae
Dr. Mingyao Liu received his Ph.D. Degree in Cell Biology at the University of Maryland, College Park in 1992. From 1993-1998, he did his postdoctoral trainings in Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and California Institute of Technology (Caltech) with Prof. King-Wai Yau and Melvin I Simon, respectively. In 1999, he was recruited to the Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University as an assistant professor, then promoted to associated professor in 2003 and full professor with tenure in 2007. He was also a faculty member in the Graduate Programs of University of Texas Houston Health Science Center and University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. In 2007, Dr. Liu was recruited as the director of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences. Together with his colleagues, Dr. Liu established the laboratory for cell signaling and new drug discovery. In 2008, he was selected as the Distinguished Endowed Professor by “The Recruitment Program of Global Experts”.
Achievements in Scientific Research
Dr. Liu’s lab has been focused on the study of G-protein coupled receptors and their signaling pathways, especially orphan GPCRs and their biological functions. He has published more than 120 articles on leading scientific journals, including Science, Nature, PNAS, Cell, JNCI, Cancer Research, etc. His papers have been cited for more than 4000 times.
Dr. Liu’s lab was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the “973” national program, and many other research fundings.
Research Interests
1.GPCRs, the most successful targets for modern medicine, play essential roles in a variety of physiological functions. Our basic research interests have centered on an understanding of the physiological functions of GPCRs (including orphan receptors) through the studies on knockout mouse models, and eventually to identify and characterize potential drug targets.
2.Through cell-based assay targeting GPCRs and tumor-specific signaling transduction, we screened several chemical libraries (FDA approved drug library, novel-structure library, natural products library and GPCR targeted library) and found multiple lead compounds with effective inhibition on tumor growth and metastasis. We next pursue to understand and validate the precise target of these compounds on the platforms of cell signaling transduction and bioinformatics. The interactions between compounds and their target proteins were further studied by using computer modeling, gene/protein chips and mass spectroscope and other techniques. Meanwhile, the toxicity and safety of these potential compounds were strictly examined in our lab. Finally, we evaluated their in vivo anticancer activities in experimental tumor-bearing mice and in genetically modified mice.
3.Based on our preliminary work as well as signaling and structure information of well-established diabetes-related GPCRs (such as GLP1R, TGR5, GPR55, GPR119, fatty acid receptor GPR40, 41,43 and GPR120, etc.), we used the molecular docking model assay to screen a virtual compounds library targeting these GPCRs. A library of small molecules based on virtual screening was collected via organic synthesis, and then the biological activity screening was verified against signaling pathway or targets to get hit compounds, which was further designed, modified and optimized for gaining lead compound through medicinal chemistry, combinatorial chemistry technologies, and computer-aided design. The lead compound will then be evaluated for its effect in preclinical studies.
4.Starting from hit or natural bioactive compounds obtained from specific target-oriented screening, the hit compounds were further rationally designed, synthesized and modification for systemic studies on structure-activity relationship, which would result in the discovery of lead compounds. Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (DMPK) studies play a key role in lead identification and optimization in the drug discovery and development. Preclinical DMPK technologies have provided predictive power to select compounds with desirable human PK properties. Knowledge of the metabolic pathways, metabolite stability, toxicity and the specific isozymes involved in the metabolism are all important information in the drug development process and in planning human clinical studies. We want to screen for DMPK properties, including absorption, metabolic pathways, metabolite stability, and drug-drug interactions via drug metabolic enzymes. At the same time, both in vitro and animal in vivo studies are done in the preclinical stage. Most promising compounds are selected from in vitro studies and their pharmacokinetic parameters are obtained in two animal species.
Publications in 2012
1. Wang J, Li X, Ke Y, Lu Y, Wang F, Fan N, Sun H, Zhang H, Liu R, Yang J, Ye L, Liu M, Ning G. 2012. GPR48 increases mineralocorticoid receptor gene expression. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2012 Feb; 23(2):281-93. PMID: 22135314 IF : 8.288
2. Chen J, Wang J, Lin L, He L, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yi Z, Chen Y, Pang X, Liu M.* 2012. Inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway by nitidine chloride suppressed the angiogenesis and growth of human gastric cancer. Mol Cancer Ther. 2012 Feb; 11(2):277-87. Epub 2011 Dec 27. PMID: 22203730 IF : 5.225
3. Xu J, Li Z, Luo J, Yang F, Liu T, Liu M, Qiu W, Tang J. 2012. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Heterocyclic Ring-fused Betulinic Acid Derivatives as Novel Inhibitors of Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Resorption. J Med Chem. 2012 Mar 21. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22435650 IF : 5.207
4. Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Chen J, Aggarwal BB, Pang X, Liu M. 2012. Xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone derived from hops, suppresses cancer cell invasion through inhibiting the expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor. Curr Mol Med. 2012 Feb; 12(2):153- 62. IF : 5.212
5. Tang XL, Wang Y, Li DL, Luo J, Liu M.* 2012. Orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): biological functions and potential drug targets. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2012 Mar;33(3):363-71. doi: 10.1038/aps.2011.210. Epub 2012 Feb 27. PMID: 22367282 IF : 1.909
6. Fan H, Yang J, Hao J, Ren Y, Chen L, Li G, Xie R, Yang Y, Gao F, Liu M.* 2012. Comparative Study of Regulatory T Cells Expanded Ex Vivo from Cord Blood and Adult Peripheral Blood. Immunology. 2012 Feb 20. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03573.x. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22348606 IF : 3.302
7. Wu X, Li Z, Yang Z, Zheng C, Jing J, Chen Y, Ye X, Lian X, Qiu W, Yang F, Tang J, Xiao J, Liu M*, Luo J.* 2012. CADPE suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss through inhibition of MAPK/AP-1 and Ca(2+) -NFAT signaling pathways. J Bone Miner Res. 2012 Feb 15. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.1576. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 22337253. IF : 7.056
8. Song Y, Dai F, Zhai D, Dong Y, Zhang J, Lu BB, Luo J, Liu M, Yi Z. 2012. Usnic acid inhibits breast tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth through suppressing VEGFR2-mediated AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Angiogenesis. DOI: 10.1007/s10456- 012-9270-4.). IF : 6.2
Publications in 2011
1. Cho SG, Wang Y, Rodriguez M, Tan K, Zhang W, Luo J, Li D, Liu M. 2011. Haploinsufficiency in the pro-metastasis Kiss1 receptor Gpr54 delays breast tumor initiation, progression and lung metastasis. Cancer Res. 2011 Aug 24. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21852382
2. Wu Y, He L, Zhang L, Chen J, Yi Z, Zhang J, Liu M, Pang X. 2011. Anacardic Acid (6-Pentadecylsalicylic Acid) Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis by Targeting Src/FAK/Rho GTPases Signaling Pathway. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Aug 9. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21828260
3. Dong A, Fang Y, Zhang L, Xie J, Wu X, Zhang L, Lian X, Chen Y, Luo J, Liu M. 2011. Caffeic Acid 3,4-dihydroxy-phenethyl ester induces cancer cell senescence by suppressing twist expression. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2011 Oct; 339(1):238-47. Epub 2011 Jul 15. PMID: 21765040
4. Chen J, Li T, Wu Y, He L, Zhang L, Shi T, Yi Z, Liu M, Pang X. 2011. Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in gastric carcinoma: a meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2011 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21918901
5. Lai L, Liu J, Zhai D, Lin Q, He L, Dong Y, Zhang J, Lu B, Chen Y, Yi Z, Liu M. 2011. Plumbagin Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth through VEGFR2-mediated Ras Signaling Pathway. Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Jun 9. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01532.x. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21658027
6. Chen L, Wu H, Pochynyuk OM, Reisenauer MR, Zhang Z, Huang L, Zaika OL, Mamenko M, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Liu M, Xia Y, Zhang W. 2011. Af17 deficiency increases sodium excretion and decreases blood pressure. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Jun; 22(6):1076-86. Epub 2011 May 5. PMID: 21546577.
7. Teng Y, Liu M, Cowell JK. 2011. Functional interrelationship between the WASF3 and KISS1 metastasis-associated genes in breast cancer cells. Int J Cancer. 2011 Feb 3. doi: 0.1002/ijc.25964. [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 21544801
8. Park B, Sung B, Yadav VR, Cho SG, Liu M, Aggarwal BB. 2011. Acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid suppresses invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression. Int J Cancer. 2011 Jul 1; 129(1):23-33. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25966. Epub 2011 Mar 29. PMID: 21448932
9. Zhang Z, Wang Z, Ren H, Yue M, Huang K, Gu H, Liu M, Du B, Qian M. 2011. P2Y(6) agonist uridine 5''''-diphosphate promotes host defense against bacterial infection via monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-mediated monocytes/macrophages recruitment. J Immunol. 2011 May 1; 186(9):5376-87. Epub 2011 Mar 28. PMID: 21444765
10. Cai Z, Sanchez A, Shi Z, Zhang T, Liu M, Zhang D. 2011. Activation of Toll-like receptor 5 on breast cancer cells by flagellin suppresses cell proliferation and tumor growth. Cancer Res. 2011 Apr 1; 71(7):2466-75. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21427357
11. Pang X, Zhang L, Lai L, Chen J, Wu Y, Yi Z, Zhang J, Qu W, Aggarwal BB, Liu M. 2011. 1''''-Acetoxychavicol acetate suppresses angiogenesis-mediated human prostate tumor growth by targeting VEGF-mediated Src-FAK-Rho GTPase-signaling pathway. Carcinogenesis. 2011 Jun; 32(6):904-12. Epub 2011 Mar 22. PMID: 21427164
12. Pang X, Wu Y, Wu Y, Lu B, Chen J, Wang J, Yi Z, Qu W, Liu M. 2011. (-)-Gossypol suppresses the growth of human prostate cancer xenografts via modulating VEGF signaling-mediated angiogenesis. Mol Cancer Ther. 2011 May; 10(5):795-805. Epub 2011 Mar 3. PMID: 21372225
13. Kuang L, Wang L, Wang Q, Zhao Q, Du B, Li D, Luo J, Liu M, Hou A, Qian M. 2011. Cudratricusxanthone G inhibits human colorectal carcinoma cell invasion by MMP-2 down-regulation through suppressing activator protein-1 activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011 May 15; 81(10):1192-200. Epub 2011 Mar 4. PMID: 21377450
14. Zhang X, Song Y, Wu Y, Dong Y, Lai L, Zhang J, Lu B, Dai F, He L, Liu M, Yi Z. 2011. Indirubin inhibits tumor growth by antitumor angiogenesis via blocking VEGFR2-mediated JAK/STAT3 signaling in endothelial cell. Int J Cancer. 2011 Nov 15; 129(10):2502-11. doi: 10.1002/ijc.25909. Epub 2011 Apr 7. PMID: 21207415
15. He L, Wu Y, Lin L, Wang J, Wu Y, Chen Y, Yi Z, Liu M, Pang X. 2011. Hispidulin, a small flavonoid molecule, suppresses the angiogenesis and growth of human pancreatic cancer by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Cancer Sci. 2011 Jan; 102(1):219-25. PMID: 21087351
16. Sung B, Cho SG, Liu M, Aggarwal BB. 2011. Butein, a tetrahydroxychalcone, suppresses cancer-induced osteoclastogenesis through inhibition of RANKL signaling. Int J Cancer. 2011 Nov; 129(9):2062-2072. Doi: 10.1002/ijc.258682. PMID: 21170936
17. Yu W, Qiu Z, Gao N, Wang L, Cui H, Qian Y, Jiang L, Luo J, Yi Z, Lu H, Li D, Liu M. 2011. PAK1IP1, a ribosomal stress-induced nucleolar protein, regulates cell proliferation via the p53-MDM2 loop. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Mar; 39(6):2234-48. Epub 2010 Nov 21. PMID: 21097889
18. Li C, Yang Z, Li Z, Ma Y, Zhang L, Zheng C, Qiu W, Wu X, Wang X, Li H, Tang J, Qian M, Li D, Wang P, Luo J, Liu M. 2011. Maslinic acid suppresses osteoclastogenesis and prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss by regulating RANKL-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. J Bone Miner Res. 2011 Mar; 26(3):644-56. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.242. PMID: 20814972
Publications in 2010
1. Pang X, Yi Z, Zhang J, Lu B, Sung B, Qu W, Aggarwal BB, and Liu M. 2010. Celastrol suppresses angiogenesis-mediated tumor growth through inhibition of AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Cancer Res. 2010 Mar 1;70(5):1951-9. Epub 2010 Feb 16. PMID: 20160026
2. Dong Y, Lu B, Zhang X, Zhang J, Lai L, Li D, Wu Y, Song Y, Luo J, Pang X, Yi Z, Liu M. 2010. Cucurbitacin E, a tetracyclic triterpenes compound from Chinese medicine, inhibits tumor angiogenesis through VEGFR2-mediated Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway. Carcinogenesis. 2010 Dec;31(12):2097-104. Epub 2010 Aug 23. PMID: 20732905
3. Yadav VR, Sung B, Prasad S, Kannappan R, Cho SG, Liu M, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB. 2010. Celastrol suppresses invasion of colon and pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of expression of CXCR4 chemokine receptor. J Mol Med. 2010 Dec;88(12):1243-53. Epub 2010 Aug 27. PMID: 20798912
4. Wang Z, Jin C, Li H, Li C, Hou Q, Liu M, Dong Xda E, Tu L. 2010. GPR48-Induced keratinocyte proliferation occurs through HB-EGF mediated EGFR transactivation. FEBS Lett. 2010 Sep 24;584(18):4057-62. Epub 2010 Aug 21. PMID: 20732323.
5. Wang J, Jia M, Zhu L, Yuan Z, Li P, Chang C, Luo J, Liu M, Shi T. 2010. Systematical detection of significant genes in microarray data by incorporating gene interaction relationship in biological systems. PLoS One. 2010 Oct 29;5(10):e13721. PMID: 21060778
6. Pang X, Zhang L, Wu Y, Lin L, Li J, Qu W, Safe S, Liu M. 2010. Methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate (CDODA-Me), a derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid, functions as a potent angiogenesis inhibitor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Oct;335(1):172-9. Epub 2010 Jul 14. PMID: 20631299
7. Yang Z, Li C, Wang X, Zhai C, Yi Z, Wang L, Liu B, Du B, Wu H, Guo X, Liu M, Li D, Luo J. 2010. Dauricine induces apoptosis, inhibits proliferation and invasion through inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling pathway in colon cancer cells. J Cell Physiol. 2010 Oct;225(1):266-75. PMID: 20509140
8. Li C, Qiu W, Yang Z, Luo J, Yang F, Liu M, Xie J, Tang J. 2010. Stereoselective synthesis of some methyl-substituted steroid hormones and their in vitro cytotoxic activity against human gastric cancer cell line MGC-803. Steroids. 2010 Dec;75(12):859-69. Epub 2010 May 21. PMID: 20493894
9. Li C, Yang Z, Zhai C, Qiu W, Li D, Yi Z, Wang L, Tang J, Qian M, Luo J, Liu M. 2010. Maslinic acid potentiates the anti-tumor activity of tumor necrosis factor alpha by inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling pathway. Mol Cancer. 2010 Apr 6;9:73. PMID: 20367887
10. Humtsoe JO, Liu M, Malik AB, Wary KK. 2010. Lipid phosphate phosphatase 3 stabilization of beta-catenin induces endothelial cell migration and formation of branching point structures. Mol Cell Biol. 2010 Apr;30(7):1593-606. Epub 2010 Feb 1. PMID: 20123964
11. Wang L, Kuang L, Pan X, Liu J, Wang Q, Du B, Li D, Luo J, Liu M, Hou A, Qian M. 2010. Isoalvaxanthone inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion through inactivating Rac1 and AP-1. Int J Cancer. 2010 Sep 1;127(5):1220-9. PMID: 20017136
12. Yi T, Tan K, Cho SG, Wang Y, Luo J, Zhang W, Li D, Liu M. 2010. Regulation of embryonic kidney branching morphogenesis and glomerular development by KISS1 receptor (Gpr54) through NFAT2- and Sp1-mediated Bmp7 expression. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jun 4;285(23):17811-20. Epub 2010 Apr 7. PMID: 20375015
Publications in 2009
1. Pang, X., Yi, T., Yi, Z., Cho, S.G., Qu, W., Pinkaew, D., Fujise, K., and Liu, M. (2009). Morelloflavone, a biflavonoid, inhibits tumor angiogenesis by targeting Rho GTPases and ERK signaling pathways. Cancer Research 69(2):518-25. PMID: 19147565
2. Li, D., Yu, W., and Liu, M. (2009). Regulation of KiSS1 Gene Expression. Peptides 30(1):130-138. PMID: 18996159
3. Yi, Z.F., Cho, S.G., Zhao, H., Wu, Y.Y., Luo, J., Li, D., Yi, T., Xu, X., Wu, Z., and Liu M. (2009). A Novel Peptide from Human Apolipoprotein(a) Inhibits Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth by Targeting c-Src Phosphorylation in VEGF-induced Human Umbilical Endothelial Cells. Intl. Journal of Cancer 124(4):843-52. PMID: 19035465
4. Pinkaew D, Cho SG, Hui DY, Wiktorowicz JE, Hutadilok-Towatana N, Mahabusarakam W, Tonganunt M, Stafford LJ, Phongdara A, Liu, M., Fujise K. (2009). Morelloflavone blocks injury-induced neointimal formation by inhibiting vascular smooth muscle cell migration. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1790(1):31-9. PMID: 18930785
5. Cai, Y., Wang, J., Li, R., Ayala, G., Ittmann, M., and Liu, M. (2009). GGAP2/PIKE-A directly activates both the Akt and NF-κB pathways and promotes prostate cancer progression. Cancer Research 69(3): 819-827.
6. Pang X, Yi Z, Zhang, X., Sung, B., Qu, W., Lian, X., Aggarwal, B.B., and Liu, M. 2009. Acetyl-11-Keto-β-Boswellic Acid Inhibits Prostate Tumor Growth by Suppressing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2-Mediated Angiogenesis. Cancer Research 69 (14): 5893-900. PMID: 19567671 .
7. Cho, S.G., Stafford, L.J., Dali Li, Guo Jian, Bing Du, and Liu, M. 2009. KiSS1 suppresses TNF?-induced breast cancer cell migration via an inhibition of RhoA-mediated NF-?B activation. J. Cell. Biochem. 107 (6): 1139-49. PMID: 19533666 .
8. Luo, J., Zhou, X., Zhou, W., Li, D., Weng, J., Yi, Z., Cho, S.G., Li, C., Yi, T., Wu, X., Li, X., de Crombrugghe, B., H??k, M., and Liu, M. 2009. Regulation of bone formation and remodeling by G-protein coupled receptor 48. Development 136 (16) 2747-56. PMID: 19605502 .
9. Cho, S.G., Yi, Z., Pang, X., Yi, T., Zhao, H., Li, D., Luo, J., Wang, Y., Wu, Z., and Liu, M. 2009. Kisspeptin-10, a KiSS1 derived decapeptide, Inhibits Tumor Angiogenesis by Blocking Sp1-dependent VEGF expression and c-Src/FAK activation. Cancer Research 2009 August 11. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 19671799.
10. Li, D., Niu, Z., Yu, W., Qian, Y., Wang, Q., Li, Q., Yi, Z., Luo, J., Wu, X., Wang, Y., Schwartz, R.J., and Liu, M. (2009). SMYD1, the myogenic activator, is a direct target of serum response factor and myogenin. Nucleic Acids Res. 37 (21):7059-71. PMID: 19783823
Publications in 2008
1. Weng J, Luo J, Cheng X, Jin C, Zhou X, Qu J, Tu L, Ai D, Li D, Wang J, Martin JF, Amendt BA, Liu M. (2008). Deletion of G protein-coupled receptor 48 leads to ocular anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) through down-regulation of Pitx2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:6081-6086
2. Yi, T., Yi, Z., Cho, S.G., Luo, J., Pandey, M.K., Aggarwal, B.B., and Liu, M. (2008). Gambogic acid inhibits angiogenesis by blocking VEGF receptor 2 signaling pathway. Cancer Research 68(6):1843-50.
3. Sung, B., Pandey, M.K., Ahn, K.S., Yi, T., Chaturvedi, M.M., Liu, M., and Aggarwal BB. (2008). Anacardic acid (6-nonadecyl salicylic acid), an inhibitor of histone acetyltransferase, suppresses expression of NF-{kappa}B-regulated gene products involved in cell survival, proliferation, invasion and inflammation through inhibition of I{kappa}B{alpha} kinase, leading to potentiation of apoptosis. Blood 111(10):4880-91. PMID: 18349320
4. Yi, T., Cho, S.G., Yi, Z., Pang, X., Rodriguez, M., Wang, Y., Sethi, G., Aggarwal, B.B., and Liu, M. (2008). Thymoquinone inhibits tumor angiogenesis and tumor growth through suppressing AKT and ERK signaling pathways. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics. 7:1789-96. PMID: 18644991
5. Jin, C., Yin, F., Lin, M., Li, X., Wang, Z., Weng, J., Liu, M., Qu, J., and Tu, L. (2008). Gpr48 regulates epithelial cell proliferation and migration by activating EGFR during eyelid development. Investigative Ophthalmology and Vision Science (IOVS) 49(10):4245-53. PMID: 18487371
6. Sung, B., Jhurani, S., Ahn, K.S., Mastuo, Y., Yi, T., Guha, S., Liu, M. and Aggarwal, B.B. (2008). Zerumbone Downregulates Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Expression Leading to Inhibition of CXCL12-Induced Invasion of Breast and Pancreatic Tumor cells. Cancer Research 68 (21):8938-44. PMID: 18974138
7. Song‚ H.‚ Luo‚ J.‚ Weng‚ J.‚ Luo‚ W.‚ Wang‚ Z.‚ Li‚ B.‚ Li‚ D.‚ and Liu‚ M. (2008). Inactivation of G-protein coupled receptor 48 impairs definitive erythropoiesis at midgestation through downregulation of ATF4 pathway. J. Biol. Chem. 283(52):36687-97. PMID: 18955481