报告题目：Subchondral Bone in Osteoarthritis

报告人：Prof. Xu Cao，美国约翰霍普金斯大学肌肉骨骼系统研究中心主任，骨科医学系冠名教授 

主持人：罗剑 教授

报告时间：2018年3月20日 13:30-14:30

报告地点：生命科学学院534报告厅

举办单位：生命科学学院/科技处

 

报告人简介：曹旭教授是国际骨科医学界著名教授，美国Johns Hopkins University骨科医学系冠名教授，肌肉骨骼系统研究中心主任。曹旭教授多项研究理论写入教科书，特别是在骨质重塑和骨关节炎软骨下骨病变的分子机理中做出了开拓性的工作。目前担任多本国际学术期刊主编或editor。曹教授的学生或博士后中已有20余位在美国或中国担任教授。

 

报告摘要：We strive to discover the fundamental mechanisms of bone biology to gain a deeper understanding of major musculoskeletal disorders and develop potential therapies for these bone diseases. We have revealed the coupling mechanism of bone remodeling in the maintenance of bone homeostasis, in which transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), activated by osteoclasts, induces migration of mesenchymal stem cells to bone resorptive sites for bone formation (Nat Med. 2009;15(7):757-765). The recruited mesenchymal stem cells then undergo differentiation for bone formation (Nat Med. 2012;18(7):1095-1101). The coupled bone remodeling by TGF-β is associated with angiogenesis (Nat Med. 2014;20(11):1270-1278). Alterations in the coupling process in bone remodeling lead to many skeletal diseases. Dr. Cao and his colleagues find that 1) Uncoupled bone remodeling results in osteoporosis, and (PTH) promotes bone formation through coupled bone remodeling (Cell Stem Cell. 2010;7(5):571-580; Nat Cell Biol. 2010;12(3):205-207). 2) Excessive active TGF-β release caused by aberrant subchondral bone remodeling is the onset of osteoarthritis (Nat Med. 2013;19(6):704-712). 3) Elevated levels of active TGF-β induce progression of ectopic bone formation and are a potential therapy for acquired heterotopic ossification (common extraskeletal bone formation induced by injury) (Nat Commun, in press). 4) Aberrant activation of TGF-β in tendon-bone insertion induces enthesopathy, which has implications for therapy for this condition (J Clin Invest, in press). Translation of these findings into the development of relevant therapies for skeletal diseases is now Dr. Cao’s primary endeavor. He and his colleagues have organized and planned several clinical trials to investigate topics such as stem cell recruitment in anabolic versus antiresorptive osteoporosis therapy. They have also screened and synthesized a series of small molecules for osteoarthritis and spine disc degeneration. Their ultimate goal is to create effective disease-modifying therapies to treat osteoarthritis, spine disc generation, and other major skeletal diseases.